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学界对自然状态的研究认为,强力不能作为合法性的来源,相反,人被赋予的天命般的自由是一切法的合法性基础。以此为基础,任性选择与意志选择两者之间存在根本性的差异,道德性是一切立法合法性的来源,从而构成了法律的形而上学基础。在此基础上,“自由—责任—义务—法权”是法律体系能够展开的形式依据。如果将法的普遍形式原则贯彻到实际生活经验中,就是具体的法律条文的来源,也即法律的形式建构。
The study of the state of nature in the academic circles holds that power can not be used as the source of legitimacy. On the contrary, the freedom of heavenly freedom granted by man is the basis for the legitimacy of all laws. Based on this, there is a fundamental difference between a willful choice and a will choice. Morality is the source of all legislative legitimacy and thus forms the metaphysical foundation of law. On this basis, “freedom - responsibility - obligation - legal rights ” is the formal basis for the legal system can be started. If the principle of universal form of law is implemented into actual life experiences, it is the source of specific legal provisions, that is, the form of law.