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本文通过对1976年7月28日唐山7.8级地震宏观现象的分析,指出震时地震断层出现右旋—左旋—右旋形式的弹性回跳现象,其两侧近场的人物和建筑物倾倒方向相反。在地震断层附近的人和物均被地面运动抛起,形成大致以其为中轴的宽550—650米、长11000米的抛掷场。地震断层的弹性回跳现象和抛掷场的存在,给地面建筑物的破坏增加了一个新因素,是抗震工程中应予考虑的问题。
Based on the analysis of the macroscopic phenomena of the Ms7.8 Tangshan earthquake on July 28, 1976, this paper points out that the elastic bounce phenomenon of dextral-leftward-dextral form occurs in the earthquake fault, and the characters in near field and the dumping direction of buildings in contrast. People and objects in the vicinity of the earthquake fault were thrown up by the ground and formed a roughly 550-650 meters long and roughly 11,000 meters long throw field centered on it. The elastic bounce phenomenon and the presence of the thrown field in the earthquake fault add a new factor to the destruction of the ground buildings and are the problems to be considered in the seismic engineering.