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本文测量了1,456例(男702,女754)干燥椎骨颈椎横突孔的矢径、横径。矢径平均值男性左侧为5.4±1.2mm,右侧5.3±1.1mm;女性左侧为5.3±1.1mm,右侧5.1±1.1mm。横径平均值男性左侧为6.0±1.0mm,右侧5.9±1.1mm;女性左侧5.9±1.0mm,右侧5.8±1.1mm。从矢径看,其右侧男>女;女性的左侧>右侧,差异显著,其它不显著。颈椎横突孔的形状以椭圆形为多;双横突孔的出现率为19.3%(共710例),以 C_6较多;钩椎关节肥大影响横突孔横径的为4.5%,以 C_4、C_5居多。此外,在尸体材料上取出 C_(3～6)颈椎,测量各横突孔的矢、横径及孔内椎动脉(第二段)的外口径(共160例)。并观察到椎动脉在孔内的位置以内侧型居多,占63.1%。C_(3～6)椎动脉外口径平均值为4.0±0.7mm;横突孔的平均值矢径为4.8±0.9mm,横径为5.5±1.0mm。根据测量值的变化规律,建立了多元回归方程,并进行了偏相关系数的计算,从而得知横突孔的横径与椎动脉外口径相关较为显著,进而能从已知横突孔径来推测推动脉外口径。
In this paper, the mean diameter and transverse diameter of 1,456 cases (male 702, female 754) of transverse cervical foramen of vertebrae were measured. The mean value of the mean vector was 5.4 ± 1.2 mm on the left and 5.3 ± 1.1 mm on the right, 5.3 ± 1.1 mm on the left and 5.1 ± 1.1 mm on the right. The average of the transverse diameter was 6.0 ± 1.0 mm on the left and 5.9 ± 1.1 mm on the right, 5.9 ± 1.0 mm on the left and 5.8 ± 1.1 mm on the right. From the radius of view, the right male> female; female left> right, the difference was significant, the other is not significant. The shape of cervical transverse foramina was more oval, the incidence of double transverse foramen was 19.3% (710 cases in total), and C_6 was more than that of transverse cervical foramen. , C_5 majority. In addition, the C_ (3 ~ 6) cervical vertebrae were removed from the cadaver material, and the transverse and transverse diameters of the transverse foramen and the external diameter of the vertebral artery in the hole (the second segment) were measured. Vertebral artery was observed in the hole to the majority of the medial type, accounting for 63.1%. The average diameter of C_ (3 ~ 6) vertebral artery was 4.0 ± 0.7mm; mean transverse hole hole diameter 4.8 ± 0.9mm, transverse diameter 5.5 ± 1.0mm. According to the variation of the measured value, a multiple regression equation was established and the partial correlation coefficient was calculated. It was found that the transverse diameter of the transverse foramen was significantly correlated with the external diameter of the vertebral artery, Promote extra-venous caliber.