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本文为了确认将“东方”这一封闭又开放的概念引入中国现代文学研究的有效性,首先梳理了以竹内好、石母田正为代表的日本民族主义论者对世界性或世界主义的批判,然后通过对比“五四”时期鲁迅思想中试图超越狭隘民族主义的世界主义因素,以及周作人对两种民族主义的谨慎区分,指出竹内、石母田可能在诚挚强调民族独立的同时,也陷入了某种观念性,从而忽略了现代中国所蕴含的其他可能性。在描述东方现代文学所体现的“东方”与“西方”、民族主义与世界主义的矛盾与悖论时,本文进一步提出,周氏兄弟的思想或许可以为我们提供另外一种不同于民族主义的方式去打破“地域性”与“世界性”的二元对立。
In order to confirm the validity of introducing the closed and open concept of “Oriental ” into the study of modern Chinese literature, this paper first sorts out the critique of the world or cosmopolitism by Japanese nationalists represented by Takeuchi and Ishida Then, by contrasting with the cosmopolitanism of narrow nationalism in Lu Xun’s thought during the May 4th Movement and the prudent distinction between the two nationalisms by Zhou Zuoren, it is pointed out that Takenouchi and Ishida may, while they sincerely emphasize national independence, Plunged into some kind of conceptualism, thereby ignoring the other possibilities inherent in modern China. In describing the contradictions and paradoxes of “East ” and “West ”, nationalism and cosmopolitanism embodied in modern Oriental literature, this article further suggests that the thought of Zhou brothers may provide us with a different kind of difference In the nationalist way, we should break the binary opposition between “regionalism” and “cosmopolitanity”.