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[目的]了解克拉玛依市手足口病病原类型及流行规律,为防治工作提供科学依据。[方法]对克拉玛依市2008～2010年报告的部分手足口病(HFMD)病例采集粪便标本进行病原学检测,医疗机构和基层疾控机构负责病例标本的采集和送检,克拉玛依市疾病预防控制中心实验室将送检标本处理后,用RT-PCR方法对粪便标本进行肠道病毒核酸检测。[结果]2008～2010年合计检测手足口病病例粪便标本153份,肠道病毒通用阳性率为52.29%,CoxA16阳性率为27.45%,EV71阳性率为20.92%,其他肠道病毒阳性率为3.92%。不同年份肠道病毒阳性率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同单位采集标本阳性率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2008～2009年以EV71毒株(63.89%)占优,2010年以CoxA16毒株(77.27%)占优;医疗机构采集标本的阳性检出率(67.35%)高于疾控机构(45.19%)。[结论]引起克拉玛依市手足口病的病原体主要是CoxA16和EV71,流行模式为2种毒株在不同年份同时存在、交替流行。
[Objective] To understand the pathogen types and epidemic patterns of hand-foot-mouth disease in Karamay City and provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment. [Methods] The etiology of stool specimens was collected from some hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) cases reported in Karamay in 2008-2010. The medical institutions and grass-roots CDC were responsible for the collection and submission of case specimens. The Karamay Center for Disease Control and Prevention The laboratory will be sent to the specimens after treatment, RT-PCR method for detection of enterovirus nucleic acid in the stool specimens. [Results] The total number of stool specimens from 153 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were detected in 2008-2010. The positive rate of enterovirus was 52.29%, the positive rate of CoxA16 was 27.45%, the positive rate of EV71 was 20.92% and the positive rate of other enterovirus was 3.92 %. The positive rates of enterovirus in different years were significantly different (P <0.05). The positive rate of specimens collected by different units was statistically significant (P <0.01). EV71 strain (63.89%) was predominant in 2008-2009, and CoxA16 strain (77.27%) was predominant in 2010; the positive rate of the samples collected from medical institutions was 67.35% higher than that of CDC institutions (45.19%), . [Conclusion] The pathogens causing hand-foot-mouth disease in Karamay are mainly CoxA16 and EV71. The epidemic pattern is that the two strains exist in different years and exist alternately.