画院是中国特有的一种推动国家绘画创作和发展的建制。它起始于帝王对于绘画的喜好,因此,帝王凭着自己的所好而网罗天下的绘画高手于宫中,建立起一个与国家文化身份相匹配的主流绘画风格和审美形态,并在传承与发展中发挥引领时代潮流的作用,同时,也发挥了秦汉以来的“成教化,助人伦”的绘画功用。它始于五代,盛于两宋。基于这样一种传统,新中国建立初期在改造传统中国画以适应新时代之后,为了传统中国画的传承与发展,建立与新中国时代要求相符合的新的画院体制,成为新中国对于传统艺术的基本态度。虽然在 Painting Academy is a unique Chinese system to promote the creation and development of national painting. It begins with the emperors’ preferences for painting. Therefore, according to their own good, the emperors draw the world’s master of painting in the palace and establish a mainstream painting style and aesthetic form that matches the national cultural identity. In the course of its development, it has played a leading role in leading the trend of the times. At the same time, it has also played an important role in painting since the Qin and Han dynasties. It began in the Five Dynasties, flourished in the two Song. Based on such a tradition, after the transformation of traditional Chinese painting in the early days of New China to adapt to a new era, in order to inherit and develop traditional Chinese painting, the establishment of a new system of painting academy that is in conformity with the requirements of the new China has become the foundation of New China for traditional art attitude. Although at