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对内燃机车运用过程中的机油进行光谱分析可以诊断气缸活塞组、曲轴轴承和其它摩擦副等柴油机主要部件的状态。这样就有可能判断许多运行因素对内燃机车柴油机磨耗的影响,并确定最合理的运行工况。本文是在苏联中亚铁路资料的基础上,研究运行负荷相对水平、机油含水量和灰砂污染程度、工作季节性、在两次修理期间内的走行公里数等因素对内燃机车柴油机磨耗的影响。研究对象选取ТЭЛ10客运内燃机车,2ТЭ10Л和ТЭ3货运内燃机车,ТЭ1、
The spectral analysis of the oil in the process of using the diesel locomotive can diagnose the state of the main components of the diesel engine such as cylinder piston group, crankshaft bearing and other friction pairs. This makes it possible to determine the effect of many operating factors on diesel locomotive diesel engine wear and determine the most appropriate operating conditions. Based on the data of the Soviet Central Asia Railway, the paper studies the influence of the factors such as the relative level of operation load, the oil water content and the degree of gray sand pollution, the working seasonality, the number of kilometers traveled during the two repairs, on the wear of diesel locomotive diesel locomotives . The research object selected ТЭЛ10 passenger diesel locomotive, 2ТЭ10Л and ТЭ3 freight diesel locomotive, ТЭ1,