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目的评估两种慢性高眼压大鼠模型的升眼压效果和视网膜结构的改变。方法分别通过前房内注射微珠(微珠组)和结扎3支巩膜上静脉(结扎组)的方法制作两种慢性高眼压大鼠模型(每组6只)。使用Tono Pen眼压计测量大鼠眼压,模型制作当天及其后每周测量大鼠眼压,大鼠右眼为实验眼,左眼为对照眼(假手术眼)。采用荧光金上丘逆标的方法标记视网膜神经节细胞并计数;使用免疫荧光标记的方法观察大鼠视网膜结构的改变。结果造模后1-8周微球组和结扎组大鼠眼压均升高;其中结扎组眼压为(27.20±1.83)mm Hg(1 kPa=7.5 mm Hg),其对照眼眼压为(19.80±1.35)mm Hg(P=0.001,n=6);微珠组眼压为(27.40±1.88)mm Hg,其对照眼眼压为(19.40±1.00)mm Hg(P=0.000,n=6)。造模后8周,巩膜上静脉结扎组视网膜神经节细胞丢失37.9%、39.6%和33.5%(均为P=0.000,n=6),前房内注射微珠组丢失37.3%、39.4%和32.3%(均为P=0.000,n=6),两组视网膜神经节细胞的丢失数量比较差异均无统计学意义(P=0.855、0.949、0.634,n=6)。高眼压模型8周后,相较于对照组,微珠组和结扎组视网膜神经节细胞核数量均有明显减少,组织厚度变薄,但两组间差异无统计学意义[对照组厚度(7.32±0.39)μm,结扎组厚度(4.97±0.33)μm,微珠组厚度(5.00±0.31)μm]。前房内注射微珠组在部分组织切片可发现微珠污染。结论巩膜上静脉结扎和前房内注射微珠均可以使大鼠眼压稳定增高。巩膜上静脉结扎具有实施方便和价格低的优势,并且没有微珠污染的缺点。
Objective To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) and retinal structure changes in two chronic ocular hypertension rat models. Methods Two models of chronic ocular hypertension (6 rats in each group) were made by injecting microbeads in the anterior chamber (group of beads) and ligating the three suprarenal veins (ligation group) respectively. The intraocular pressure (IOP) of rats was measured using Tono Pen tonometer. The intraocular pressure (IOP) of rats was measured on the day of and after the model making. The right eye of the rats was the experimental eye and the left eye was the control eye (sham eyes). The retinal ganglion cells were labeled with fluorescent gold on the hill, and the changes of retinal structure were observed by immunofluorescence staining. Results The intraocular pressure (IOP) of the microsphere group and the ligation group increased from 1 to 8 weeks after the model establishment. The intraocular pressure in the ligation group was (27.20 ± 1.83) mm Hg (1 kPa = 7.5 mm Hg) ± 1.35) mm Hg (P = 0.001, n = 6). The intraocular pressure of the microbeads group was (27.40 ± 1.88) mm Hg and the control intraocular pressure was (19.40 ± 1.00) mm Hg ). At 8 weeks after modeling, retinal ganglion cells in the scleral vein ligation group lost 37.9%, 39.6%, and 33.5% of the retinal ganglion cells (both P = 0.000, n = 6), and 37.3%, 39.4% 32.3% (P = 0.000, n = 6). There was no significant difference in the number of retinal ganglion cells loss between the two groups (P = 0.855,0.949,0.634, n = 6). Compared with the control group, the numbers of retinal ganglion cell nuclei in the bead group and the ligation group were significantly reduced after 8 weeks of HIPS, and the thickness of the tissue became thinner, but there was no significant difference between the two groups [the thickness of the control group (7.32 ± 0.39) μm, the thickness of ligation group (4.97 ± 0.33) μm and the thickness of microbead group (5.00 ± 0.31) μm]. Microbead contamination was found in some of the tissue microarray groups in the anterior chamber. Conclusions Both intra-scleral vein ligation and anterior chamber injection of microbeads can make the intraocular pressure of rats stable. Scleral vein ligation has the advantages of ease of implementation and low price, and there is no shortcoming of bead contamination.