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目的了解贵州省黔东南州健康人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)表面抗体水平,评价疫苗接种效果和人群免疫状况,为制定乙肝免疫规划提供依据。方法 2013年按照分层随机抽样的原则抽取健康人群。采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法进行乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)检测,分析HBsAb阳性率。结果检测507人,HBsAb阳性者295人,抗体阳性率58.19%。HBsAb阳性率随年龄增高而降低(P<0.01),男性HBsAb阳性率高于女性(P<0.05),农村HBsAb阳性率高于城市(P<0.01),有接种史的人群HBsAb阳性率高于无接种史的人群(P<0.01)。结论黔东南州健康人群HBsAb水平较低,抓好儿童乙肝的全程基础免疫接种,提高乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率,加强查漏补种和适时开展强化免疫工作,是提高人群免疫屏障的关键。
Objective To understand the level of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) in healthy population in Qiandongnan Prefecture of Guizhou Province, evaluate the effect of vaccination and the immune status of the population, and provide the basis for the development of hepatitis B immunization program. Methods In 2013, healthy people were drawn according to the stratified random sampling principle. HBsAb was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the positive rate of HBsAb was analyzed. Results A total of 507 people were tested, 295 were HBsAb positive, the positive rate of antibody was 58.19%. The positive rate of HBsAb was lower than that of the city (P <0.01), the positive rate of HBsAb in male was higher than that in female (P <0.05), the positive rate of HBsAb in rural was higher than that in city People without history of vaccination (P <0.01). Conclusion The HBsAb level in healthy population in Qiandongnan Prefecture is relatively low. It is the key to improve the immunological barrier of human beings that grasping the whole basic immunization of hepatitis B in children, improving the prompt vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine and strengthening the leak detection and replantation and timely strengthening the immunization.