目的探讨腋下小切口在肺结核外科治疗中的价值。方法腋下 12～ 14 cm切口 ,保留胸壁肌肉 ,从肌间隙进胸 ,与同期标准后外侧切口 6例进行比较分析。结果腋下小切口比标准后外侧切口 1失血量少 30 0 ml;2开、关胸时间缩短 30分钟 ;3术后疼痛轻 ,镇痛剂用量少 ,术后肺活量、1秒量 ,功能残气量减损少 2 0 %、2 5 %及 30 % ;4无一例发生肩关节功能障碍 ;5术后并发症占 1.9% (1/ 5 2 )。结论腋下小切口在肺结核的外科治疗中明显优于标准后外侧切口 ,值得推广应用 ,但一定要掌握好适应症 Objective To investigate the value of axillary small incision in surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods 12-14 cm incision was made in the armpit. The chest wall muscle was preserved and the thoracic muscle was inserted into the thoracic cavity. Six cases with standard posterior lateral incision were compared. Results Small armpit incision than the standard posterolateral incision less blood loss 30 0 ml; 2 open, closing the chest time shortened 30 minutes; 3 postoperative pain, less analgesic dosage, postoperative lung capacity, 1 second volume, function Residual gas loss less 20%, 25% and 30%; 4 cases of shoulder joint dysfunction; 5 postoperative complications accounted for 1.9% (1/52). Conclusions The small incision in the underarm is better than the standard posterolateral incision in the surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, which is worth popularizing and applying, but we must master the indications