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对运动声源进行识别和定量测量是掌握噪声发生机理和传播特性的基础,是科学高效地进行噪声污染防治的重要前提。目前已有的各种声场测量方法和技术由于原理及性能的限制,无法实现对这类运动复杂声源的定量测量,其中一个关键问题是利用运动声源简化模型消除声源声音信号Doppler效应的误差过大。该文基于时域运动声源声辐射非简化模型,通过分步解逆实现高速声源信号中Doppler效应的消除,得到消除Doppler效应的无损修正信号。通过仿真模拟和实际声源实验验证了该方法的有效性,运用该方法建立远场声全息对运动声源进行了定量测量及可视化再现。本研究对深入理解运动声源的机理和特性具有一定的意义,同时将运动声源的定量测量拓展到高速领域,为高速交通工具的噪声污染防治提供了理论和技术基础。
Identifying and quantitatively measuring the motion sound source is the basis for grasping the mechanism of noise generation and propagation characteristics and is an important precondition for the scientific and efficient noise pollution prevention and control. At present, various sound field measurement methods and techniques have not been able to quantitatively measure such a complex source of sound due to the limitation of principle and performance. One of the key problems is to use the motion sound source to simplify the model and eliminate the Doppler effect of the sound source signal The error is too large. Based on the non-simplified model of acoustic emission in time-domain motion sources, the Doppler effect in high-speed sound source signals is eliminated by step-by-step solution inversion, and a non-destructive correction signal with Doppler effect eliminated. The effectiveness of this method is verified by simulation and real sound source experiment. The method is used to establish the far-field sound hologram to measure and visualize the moving sound source. This study is of great significance to understand the mechanism and characteristics of sports sound sources. At the same time, the quantitative measurement of sports sound sources is extended to the high-speed field, which provides the theoretical and technical basis for the prevention and control of noise pollution in high-speed vehicles.