影响制度设计的因素复杂多样,但人性假设是其中最为基础和起因性的要素。任何制度设计都是以一定的人性假设为依据的,反腐败制度设计更是如此。个体人性的“善”“恶”预设和社会角色的定位,构成不同国家及时代其制度差异的根基。在国内体制改革向纵深发展的关键时期,反腐败制度设计的前在理论预设是否科学,价值观念是否符合时代精神,能否将制度设计的科学性与人性化有效结合,是极具有研究价值的重大课题。 The factors influencing system design are complex and diverse, but the human nature hypothesis is one of the most basic and causal factors. Any system design is based on a certain assumption of human nature, especially anti-corruption system design. The presupposition of individual ’s “good ” “evil ” and the positioning of social roles constitute the foundation of the differences in the systems of different countries and times. In the pivotal period of the in-depth reform of the domestic system, whether the theoretical presupposition of the anti-corruption system design is scientific and time-value conforms to the spirit of the times and whether scientific and humane system design can be effectively combined is of great research value A major issue.