目的　比较抗心磷脂抗体 (ACA)和抗心肌线粒体抗体(ACMA)对小儿扩张型心肌病 (DCM)诊断及病情了解的作用。方法　采用ELISA法测定DCM 30例ACA IgG和ACMA IgG ,并与健康儿童对照 ,同时检测心肌酶、心电图和多普勒超声心动图。结果　DCM患儿ACA IgG和ACMA IgG阳性率分别为5 3.3%和 40 .0 % ,均显著高于健康儿 (P均 <0 .0 0 1)。ACA IgG阳性儿心肌酶CK MB、心律失常发生率、心腔扩大率、左心收缩功能降低率均显著高于ACA IgG阴性者 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ;而ACMA IgG阳性与否同上述改变无明显相关性 (P均 >0 .0 5 )。结论　ACA IgG阳性对DCM儿诊断和病情轻重均有重要意义 ;ACMA IgG阳性虽对DCM患儿诊断有一定价值 ,但对病情判断无作用。 Objective To compare the effects of anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) and anti-myocardial mitochondrial antibodies (ACMA) on the diagnosis and prognosis of children with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods The ACA IgG and ACMA IgG of 30 cases were detected by ELISA. Compared with healthy children, myocardial enzymes, electrocardiogram and Doppler echocardiography were detected. Results The positive rates of ACA IgG and ACMA IgG in DCM children were 53.3% and 40.0% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in healthy children (all P <0.01). AC MB IgG positive myocardial enzymes CK MB, arrhythmia incidence, heart rate, left ventricular systolic function decreased significantly higher than ACA IgG negative (P all <0.05); and ACMA IgG positive or not the same No significant correlation was found between these changes (P> 0.05). Conclusion The positive of ACA IgG is of great importance for the diagnosis and severity of DCM. The positive of ACMA IgG has some value in the diagnosis of DCM, but it has no effect on the diagnosis of DCM.