商业改革的目标模式 商业改革是从改单一渠道改为“三多一少”开始的,但“三多一少”作为流通体制改革的目标又具有许多不明确性,后来,人们又将其定为“国家宏观调控下的商品自由流通”。1992年将我国经济体制改革的目标确定为社会主义市场经济后,在国家宏观调控下的市场经济体制框架下,许多专家学者深入探索“国家宏观调控下的商品自由流通体制”的实现形式,探索许多具体问题,如卖方市场与买方市场、开拓农村市场、商品交易市场、市场秩序等问题。 (一)从单一渠道到“三多一少” 改革初期就有过个体经济和长途贩运的争论,即姓“资”姓“社”的争论。1981年针对中国商品流通渠道过于单一的特点,有人提出“多条流通渠道势在必行”的观点,“为了改革中国商品流通体制上统得过多、管得过死等缺点,应该实行多种经济成份、多条流通渠道、多种经济方式、减少流通环节(后来简称为“三多一少”)的商业体制”。“三多一少”是针对中国传统的 The target mode of commercial reform Commercial reform started with changing from a single channel to “three more and one less”. However, as the goal of reforming the circulation system has many uncertainties, “three more and less” people later decided For the “national macro-control of the free flow of commodities.” After the goal of China’s economic restructuring was established as a socialist market economy in 1992, under the framework of a market economy under the state’s macroeconomic control, many experts and scholars have thoroughly explored the realization form of “the system of free circulation of commodities under the state’s macro-control” and explored Many specific issues, such as the seller’s market and the buyer’s market, open up rural markets, commodity markets, market order and other issues. (1) The debate over individual economy and long-distance trafficking at the early stage of the reform from a single channel to the “three more and less” reforms means the debate over surnamed “capital” and “social” surnames. In 1981, in view of the over-unified nature of China’s commodity circulation channels, some raised the view that “multiple distribution channels are imperative.” In order to reform the shortcomings of overconforming and over-controlling China’s commodity circulation system, we should implement more The economic structure, the multiple circulation channels, the multiple economic methods and the circulation system (hereinafter referred to as the “three, one less”) of the commercial system. “ ”Three more and one less" is aimed at the Chinese tradition