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本文总结了收入分配影响经济增长的作用机制,区分了两极分化、平均主义和正态分布的收入分配结构各自对经济增长的影响,得出收入分配对经济增长的影响呈倒“U”形的假说,并且用近30多年的国际横截面和面板数据,用各种估计方法实证了这一理论假说。然后结合理论和实证分析结果,总结了最优的收入分配制度,最优的收入分配制度是由序列保证起点公平、过程公平和结果公平的制度组成的完整制度体系,其目标是实现收入分配的正态分布且具有完全流动性,这种收入分配结构不仅最有利于促进经济增长,而且符合人类天性,实现了效率与公平的统一。此外,本文考察了中国现当代以来的收入分配制度变迁和经济增长的关系,为中国收入分配制度改善提出了有益的政策建议。
This paper summarizes the mechanism of income distribution affecting economic growth, distinguishes the effects of polarization, equalitarianism and normal distribution of income distribution structure on economic growth, concludes that the impact of income distribution on economic growth is “U” Shaped hypothesis and has validated this theoretical hypothesis with various estimation methods using international cross-section and panel data for nearly 30 years. Then combined with the theoretical and empirical results, the paper summarizes the optimal income distribution system. The optimal income distribution system is a complete system composed of the sequence guarantee starting point fair, the process fair and the fair result system, the goal is to achieve income distribution Normal distribution and full liquidity, this income distribution structure is not only the most conducive to promoting economic growth, but also in line with human nature, to achieve the unity of efficiency and fairness. In addition, this paper examines the relationship between the change of income distribution system and economic growth in China since modern times, and provides useful policy suggestions for the improvement of the income distribution system in China.