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利用分形单元的自相似性将分形结构应用于频率选择表面(FSS)领域使单屏FSS具有多频谐振的特性,在各波段实现简易、多频带通滤波器的设计.以易加工的十字单元为例,经过递归、迭代产生二阶十字分形单元,给出描述单元几何分布的公式;应用周期矩量法结合Floquet定理及阻抗边界条件得到描述FSS表面电流分布的电场积分方程,对FSS传输特性规律进行数值分析,采用遗传算法对分形单元参数进行全局优化得到了在9.2GHz和29.4GHz谐振的单屏FSS设计;最后采用成熟的镀膜、光刻工艺制备十字分形FSS样件并在微波暗室进行FSS传输特性测试,理论与实验结果一致.
The fractal structure is applied to the frequency selective surface (FSS) by using the self-similarity of the fractal unit to make multi-frequency resonance of the single-screen FSS and to design simple and multi-band pass filter in each band. As an example, the second-order cross fractal unit is iteratively generated to give the formula describing the geometric distribution of the unit. The integral equation of electric field describing the surface current distribution of the FSS is obtained by using the periodic moment method combined with Floquet’s theorem and impedance boundary conditions. The results show that the fractal unit parameters are globally optimized by genetic algorithm, and the single-screen FSS design with resonance at 9.2GHz and 29.4GHz is obtained. Finally, the cross-fractal FSS samples are prepared by the mature coating and photolithography process and are performed in the microwave anechoic chamber FSS transmission characteristics test, the theory and experimental results.