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目的对陕西省农村地区妇女产后访视现状及相关影响因素进行分析,为提高孕产妇保健水平,降低孕产妇死亡率提供可靠的理论依据。方法数据资料来源于2013年第五次国家卫生服务调查——陕西省农村的调查,调查员入户调查前先获得妇女知情同意,然后再收集其社会人口学信息及产后访视的相关信息。根据世界卫生组织及我国孕产妇保健要求对产后访视的现状进行分析,应用混合效应模型探索影响产后访视的因素。结果本研究妇女怀孕的平均次数为(1.68±0.76)次,孕期产前检查的平均次数为(5.72±2.56)次,生产的平均次数为(1.57±0.62)次,产后访视的平均次数为(1.56±1.28)次。研究发现,27.44%妇女产后未接受过产后访视,1次及以上占比72.56%;达到陕西省基本公共卫生孕产妇保健要求的妇女占比51.04%;满足WHO推荐标准的妇女仅占24.19%。混合效应模型分析显示妇女年龄≥31岁、怀孕次数、生产次数及孕期产前检查次数与产后访视的次数具有统计学关联(P<0.05)。结论陕西农村妇女产后接受至少1次以上的产后访视率较高,有近一半妇女产后未达到我国孕产妇保健要求的产后访视次数。此外,孕妇年龄越大、怀孕次数越多,产前检查次数越多,产后访视的次数越多,需给予关注。
Objective To analyze the status quo of women’s postpartum visits in rural areas of Shaanxi Province and related influencing factors so as to provide a reliable theoretical basis for improving maternal health and reducing maternal mortality. Method data The data are from the fifth national health service survey in 2013 - a survey in rural areas of Shaanxi Province. Before investigators’ household surveys, women’s informed consent is obtained prior to collecting their socio-demographic information and post-natal visits. According to the requirements of World Health Organization and maternal health care in our country, we analyzed the status quo of postpartum visits and used the mixed effects model to explore the factors influencing postpartum visits. Results The average number of pregnancies in this study was (1.68 ± 0.76). The average number of antenatal examinations during pregnancy was (5.72 ± 2.56) times and the average number of births was (1.57 ± 0.62). The average number of postpartum visits was (1.56 ± 1.28) times. The study found that 27.44% of postpartum women did not receive postpartum postpartum visit, accounting for 72.56% of primary and secondary births; 51.04% of women met the basic public health maternal health requirements in Shaanxi Province; only 24.19% . The mixed effect model analysis showed that women aged ≥31 years, the number of pregnancies, the number of births and the number of prenatal examinations during pregnancy and the number of postpartum visits were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Rural women in Shaanxi receive at least one postnatal visit with a high rate of postpartum postpartum and nearly half of all postpartum women visit postnatal visits that do not meet the requirements of maternal health care after delivery. In addition, the older pregnant women, the more pregnancies, the more the number of prenatal visits, the more the number of postpartum visits, need to be concerned about.