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根据世界卫生组织的定义,药物警戒是“发现、评价、理解和预防不良反应或其他任何可能与药物有关问题的科学研究与活动[1]”。药物警戒系统作为一种安全工具在公众药物使用和公众健康有关方面发挥着十分重要的作用。对大多数发展中国家而言,公共领域内的药物安全问题不仅是政府的职责,而且是衡量社会进步的重要指标。因此,建立起一个良好的药物警戒系统不仅是社会发展过程中的必然追求,同时也是一个挑战。发展中国家(如阿尔及利亚)现存的问题是,如何将重心从正在进行的基础性工作(如药物不良反应监测)转移到构建出一个完善的药物警戒系统上来。药物警戒的工作内容主要包括:培训执业医师使用最有效的药物达到更安全的目的;根据不同患者的病理状态,选择适当的给药剂量和给药间隔进行治疗;观察治疗的花费以保证其维持在个人和社会都可承受的范围内。
According to the World Health Organization, pharmacovigilants are “scientific research and activities for the detection, evaluation, understanding and prevention of adverse reactions or any other drug-related problems [1].” Pharmacovigilance systems, as a safety tool, play a very important role in public drug use and public health. For most developing countries, the issue of drug safety in the public domain is not only a government responsibility, but also an important measure of social progress. Therefore, setting up a good drug alert system is not only an inevitable pursuit but also a challenge in the process of social development. The existing problem in developing countries (such as Algeria) is how to shift the focus from the ongoing basic work (such as ADR surveillance) to building a sound pharmacovigilance system. Pharmacovigilance work mainly includes: training practitioners to use the most effective drugs for safer purposes; according to the different pathological state of patients, choose the appropriate dose and dosing intervals for treatment; observe the cost of treatment to ensure its maintenance Within the limits that both individuals and society can afford.