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本文阐述和分析了我国两种60kg/m钢轨U74和U71Mn在美国运输试验中心高吨位牵引环线上所进行的重载牵引试验结果。两种钢轨在环线上铺设总长度约980m,包括了三个R=350m小半径曲线。试验运行条件:平均轴重28.7t,最大轴重32.7t,行车速度68km/h。到目前止,总计通过量100MGT。由于在试验过程中波浪磨损和钢轨打磨,磨损分析采用50MGT运量过程中的数据。此外,还进行了钢轨润滑与不润滑试验对比。 试验说明,我国两种钢轨都没有发生疲劳、断裂以及严重剥离现象。U71Mn钢轨的抗压和耐磨性能优于U74,与国外钢轨比较,U71Mn的耐磨质量系数为1.25,略优于AREA普碳轨。 混凝土轨枕地段的波浪磨损比木枕地段严重,并且主要发生于曲线下股。木枕地段主要出现于曲线上股。波浪磨损产生到发展至需要打磨,大约为40～50MGT的通过量。 润滑大大提高钢轨的耐磨寿命。润滑与不润滑相比,U71Mn钢轨在小半径曲线上的磨损率至少降低10倍,而且节约牵引能量消耗15％以上。
This paper elaborates and analyzes the results of heavy-haul towing test carried out on two high-tension traction loops of the U.S. Transportation and Test Center by two kinds of 60kg / m rail U74 and U71Mn. The total length of the two rails laid on the ring is about 980m, including three small radius curves of R = 350m. Test operating conditions: the average axle load 28.7t, the maximum axle load 32.7t, driving speed 68km / h. So far, the total throughput of 100MGT. Due to wave abrasion and rail sanding during the test, the wear analysis was based on data from 50MGT traffic. In addition, also carried out rail lubrication and non-lubrication test contrast. Test shows that the two kinds of rails in our country are not fatigue, rupture and serious peeling phenomenon. U71Mn rail compression and wear resistance superior to U74, compared with foreign rails, U71Mn wear resistance coefficient of 1.25, slightly better than the AREA Cape carbon rail. Waves in the concrete sleeper section are more severely worn than in the wooden sleeper section and occur mainly under the curve. Wood pillow section appears mainly in the curve stocks. Wavy wear and tear developed to the need for grinding, about 40 ~ 50MGT throughput. Lubrication greatly enhance the wear life of the rail. Lubrication Compared to non-lubricated, the U71Mn rail reduces the wear rate on a small radius curve by at least 10-fold and saves more than 15% on traction energy consumption.