目的探讨复方斑蝥胶囊联合化疗用于直肠癌根治术后的临床效果。方法选取2012年6月-2015年6月普外科直肠癌术后1个月行化疗并联合服用复方斑蝥胶囊的患者88例作为A组,选取同期行单纯化疗患者98例为B组。观察、比较2组患者近期临床疗效及生活质量改善情况、不良反应及成本—效果比。结果 A组总有效率为44.32%明显高于B组的30.61%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组PD进展率为18.18%明显低于B组的34.69%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组生活改善率为69.31%明显优于B组的56.12%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组除肝酶异常发生率外,余胃肠道反应、神经毒性、骨髓抑制、脱发、肝酶异常等不良反应发生率均明显低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组具有更高的药物治疗经济性。结论直肠癌术后辅助应用复方斑蝥胶囊联合化疗可以提高治疗效果,改善生活质量,不良反应发生率低,且更安全、经济。值得临床推广应用。 Objective To investigate the clinical effect of compound cantharidin capsule combined with chemotherapy on rectal cancer after radical operation. Methods From June 2012 to June 2015, 88 patients who underwent chemoradiotherapy combined with compound cantharidin capsules one month after surgery were enrolled as group A, and 98 patients undergoing simple chemotherapy during the same period were selected as group B. The clinical efficacy, quality of life improvement, adverse reactions and cost-effectiveness were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate in group A was 44.32%, which was significantly higher than that in group B (30.61%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The progress rate of PD in group A was 18.18%, which was significantly lower than 34.69% in group B, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). A group of life improvement rate of 69.31% was significantly better than 56.12% of the B group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In addition to the abnormal incidence of liver enzymes in group A, the incidence of adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal reactions, neurotoxicity, bone marrow suppression, hair loss and abnormal liver enzymes were significantly lower than those in group B (P <0.05). Group A has a higher medical treatment economy. Conclusion Postoperative adjuvant compound cantharidin capsule combined with chemotherapy can improve the therapeutic effect, improve the quality of life, the incidence of adverse reactions is low, and more safe and economical. Worthy of clinical application.