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围绕着“城市化如何导致政治不稳定”这个经验命题,目前的研究主要基于三种解释路径:城市偏向、城市主义以及政治排斥。通过对这三种解释路径的方法论的综述与评价,可以看出结构主义、生态主义以及历史主义在解释这一问题时各有优劣之处。通过学术反思,我们倡导运用国家基础权力理论来解释中国这个例外现象。对中国经验的诠释应当着重运用历史主义的方法,从微观层次上观察国家基础权力的范围、能力以及它们彼此之间的相互支撑作用,从而为我国城市治理研究提供理论帮助。
Focusing on the experiential proposition “How Urbanization Leads to Political Instability,” current research is based on three explanations: urban bias, urbanism and political exclusion. Through the review and appraisal of the methodology of these three interpretation paths, it can be seen that structuralism, ecologism and historicism have their advantages and disadvantages in explaining this issue. Through academic reflection, we advocate the use of the theory of state basic power to explain China’s exception. The interpretation of Chinese experience should focus on the application of the historicist method and observe the scope and capabilities of the state’s basic power and their mutual support functions at the micro level so as to provide theoretical help for the study of urban governance in our country.