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目的:探讨可卡因对小鼠妊娠中期的发育毒性,尤其是对脑发育的影响.方法:建立妊娠中期给药的小鼠动物模型,体重相近的妊娠母鼠被分为三组:(1)可卡因注射自由饮食组(COC);(2)盐水注射伴有饮食对照组(SPF),饮食参考体重相近、妊娠时间相同的COC组母鼠;(3)盐水注射自由饮食组(SAL).从妊娠第8天(E8)至第12天(E12)给药,记录母鼠、胎鼠和仔鼠的各项生理指标,并用HPLC分析各组胎鼠纹状体中多巴胺、5-HT含量的变化.结果:尽管COC和 SPF组母鼠与 SAL组母鼠相比摄食量少,体重增加量少,但E17 天取材时,仅COC组胎鼠表现为脑和纹状体重量低;COC组仔鼠生后第 1天(P1)双顶径(BPD)也小于其它两组仔鼠.此外,COC组胎鼠表现出脑/体重比的降低,说明宫内暴露可卡因引起的胎鼠的发育迟缓是一个不平衡过程,脑组织的受累比其它组织严重.神经递质分析和组织学分析表明 COC组胎鼠脑内多巴胺和5-羟色胺的水平增高,肝脏呈现出形态学改变.结论:妊娠中期暴露可卡因可引起胎鼠宫内发育迟缓,尤其是脑发育迟缓.单纯母体营养不良在宫内暴露可卡因引起的后代发育迟缓过程中不能起决定性作用,而可能是药物直接作用的结果.
Objective: To investigate the developmental toxicity of cocaine in the second trimester of pregnancy, especially on the brain development.Methods: The animal model of mid-pregnancy administration was established and pregnant pregnant rats with similar body weight were divided into three groups: (1) cocaine (2) Saline injection with diet control group (SPF), COC group mother rats with similar reference weight and same pregnancy time; (3) Saline-injected free diet group (SAL) On the 8th day (E8) to the 12th day (E12), the physiological indexes of maternal, fetal and offspring mice were recorded. The contents of dopamine and 5-HT in the striatum were determined by HPLC Results: Although there was little food intake and weight gain in COC and SPF group, the fetus in COC group showed lower body weight of the brain and striatum at E17 days, On the first day after birth (P1), the biparietal diameter (BPD) was also less than that of the other two groups.In addition, the COC group of fetuses showed a decrease in brain / body weight ratio, indicating that intrauterine cocaine-induced fetal growth retardation Is an imbalanced process, brain tissue involvement than other serious.Neuro-neurotransmitter analysis and histological analysis showed COC group of fetal rat brain And serotonin increased, and the liver showed morphological changes.Conclusion: Exposure to cocaine during the second trimester may cause intrauterine growth retardation in fetal rats, especially brain retardation.Only maternal malnutrition has delayed development of offspring caused by intrauterine exposure of cocaine The process can not play a decisive role, but may be the direct result of the drug.