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土壤有机碳库在全球碳循环中起重要作用,影响各生态系统的可持续发展和人类社会发展。茶园作为一种有管理的人工生态系统,评估其栽培管理中土壤有机碳淋溶通量关系到其土壤生态系统的碳储存能力,对促进中国茶业的可持续发展有重要的现实意义。采用原状土柱碳淋溶模拟实验方法,模拟当地强降雨对森林、植茶年限为5年、20年、33年、56年的茶园土壤0~20 cm土层和0~40 cm土层的有机碳(SOC)淋溶规律及淋溶通量。结果表明,0~20 cm土层的SOC淋失通量大于0~40 cm土层,其平均值分别为5607.78 mg·m-2和4358.27 mg·m-2,即0~20 cm土壤层流失的碳22.3%在20~40 cm的土层里被截留,但仍然有占耕层(0~20 cm土层)淋溶损失量77.7%的SOC通过40 cm厚的土层继续向下层淋溶;通过40 cm深土层继续往下淋溶损失的通量与植茶年龄呈显著负相关(P<0.05),说明延长植茶年限可以减少SOC的淋溶损失而有利于土壤碳的储存。本研究中,未发现SOC淋溶损失通量受茶园土壤本底有机碳浓度、土壤p H、总氮以及铵态氮的影响。
Soil organic carbon pool plays an important role in the global carbon cycle and affects the sustainable development of various ecosystems and the development of human society. As a man-made artificial ecosystem, assessing the carbon storage fluxes of soil organic carbon leaching fluxes related to its soil ecosystem in tea plantation management plays an important and practical role in promoting the sustainable development of China’s tea industry. The soil carbon column leaching simulation experiment was used to simulate the effects of heavy rainfall on the distribution of tea in the 0-20 cm soil layer and 0-40 cm soil layer in tea plantation soils with tea planting years of 5 years, 20 years, 33 years and 56 years Organic carbon (SOC) leaching and leaching flux. The results showed that the SOC leaching flux in 0-20 cm soil layer was larger than that in 0-40 cm soil layer, with average values of 5607.78 mg · m-2 and 4358.27 mg · m-2, respectively, ie 0-20 cm soil layer loss 22.3% of the carbon was trapped in the soil layer of 20 ~ 40 cm, but there was still a SOC of 77.7% of the leaching loss in the tillering layer (0 ~ 20 cm soil layer) (P <0.05), indicating that prolonging the tea-planting period can reduce the leaching loss of SOC and facilitate the storage of soil carbon. In this study, we did not find that the flux of SOC leaching loss was affected by the background organic carbon concentration in soil, soil pH, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen.