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良好的渔业水域生态环境是我国渔业发展的基础,并且对渔业产业的长期稳定发展起着关键作用。目前,我国渔业水域生态环境不容乐观,污染事故频发,严重地影响了我国渔民基本生活和渔业产业的可持续发展。在此情形下,基于综合生态系统管理理论,对我国渔业水域保护法制理念和法律制度进行评估,并提出我国渔业水域保护法制完善建议,具有重要的意义。针对我国现阶段渔业水域保护法制面临的挑战,具体完善建议包括:转变渔业水域保护重开发利用、轻生态保护的法制理念;提高渔业水域生态保护程度,完善重点渔业水域立法,并将风险预防原则纳入渔业水域保护理念之中;强化部门衔接,提高渔业行政主管部门执法监察能力,完善跨区域渔业水域污染事故调查处理;加大渔业水域保护的财政投入,完善财政支持与渔业水域保护的有效衔接;积极提高公众参与渔业水域保护意识,扩大公众参与范围,建立多元化的渔业水域保护法律制度。
Good ecological environment of fishery waters is the basis for the development of fisheries in our country and plays a key role in the long-term and stable development of the fishery industry. At present, the ecological environment in China’s fishery waters is not optimistic and frequent pollution accidents have seriously affected the fishermen’s basic livelihood and the sustainable development of the fishery industry in our country. Under such circumstances, based on the theory of integrated ecosystem management, it is of great significance to evaluate the concept of legal system and legal system for the protection of fishery and water areas in China and to put forward suggestions on how to perfect the legal system for the protection of fishery and water areas in our country. Aiming at the challenges facing the current legal system of fishery and water area protection in our country, the concrete suggestions for improvement include: changing the concept of legal system for the protection, reuse and protection of fishery waters and the protection of light ecology; improving the ecological protection of fishery waters and perfecting the legislation of key fishery waters and introducing the principle of risk prevention To be included in the concept of protection of fishery water areas; strengthen the convergence of departments to improve the fisheries administrative department of law enforcement and monitoring capabilities to improve cross-regional investigation of pollution accidents in fishery waters; increase financial investment in fisheries and water protection, improve the financial support and fisheries protection of the effective convergence ; Actively raise the awareness of the public about the protection of fishery and water areas, expand the scope of public participation, and establish a diversified legal system for the protection of fishery and water areas.