论文部分内容阅读
桦树皮文化,是一种古老而独特的民族文化,也是北半球高纬度桦树林生长带中少数民族所共有的一种物质文化。它分布广泛,从欧洲经东北亚到北美洲都有其存在;它产生年代久远,我国已出土多处两三千年前的桦树皮文物,说明北方的鲜卑、契丹、女真等古代少数民族及其先民,都曾为桦树皮文化作出过贡献。如今,生活在我国东北地区的鄂伦春、鄂温克、赫哲、达斡尔等民族,仍不同程度保留着这种地域特征很明显的文化。但随着交通的发达,少数民族的定居,外来先进物质文化的取代,桦树皮文化已日渐衰微,如不注意抢救,恐有失传、消亡的危险。在这里,笔者对这一文化现象进行回顾,并提出抢救、传承、开发的建议。
Birch bark culture is an ancient and unique national culture and a material culture common to ethnic minorities in the high-latitude birch grove in the northern hemisphere. It has a wide distribution and has its existence from Europe through Northeast Asia to North America. It has a long history and has many birch bark artifacts unearthed in China two or three thousand years ago. It shows that the ancient ethnic minorities such as Xianbei, Khitan and Jurchen Ancestors, have contributed to the birch bark culture. Today, people living in Oroqen, Ewenki, Hezek, Daur and other ethnic groups living in northeastern China still retain this distinctively regional culture to varying degrees. However, with the development of transportation, the settlement of ethnic minorities and the replacement of advanced foreign material culture, the birch bark culture has become increasingly decayed. Without paying attention to rescue, there is a danger of disappearing and disappearing. Here, I review this cultural phenomenon and put forward suggestions on rescue, heritage and development.