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目的探讨维吾尔族、汉族活产新生儿先天性心脏病的发病率、类型及相关危险因素。方法选择在新疆自治区妇幼保健院出生的维、汉族活产新生儿进行先心病筛查,维族4020例,汉族4848例,发现可疑病例进行心脏超声心动图检查确定诊断及类型,并对其父母进行问卷调查。结果筛查出维、汉族活产新生儿先心病60例,发病率6.8‰。其中维族27例,发病率6.7‰;汉族33例,发病率6.8‰。维、汉族新生儿先心病类型构成比不同(P<0.05)。维、汉族新生儿发生先心病危险因素构成比存在明显差异(P<0.05)。结论两民族新生儿先心病发病率无差异,遗传因素和环境因素对两民族先心病发生有相同的作用。维、汉族新生儿的发生先心病类型不同,存在一些危险因素对维、汉族先心病发生产生不同影响。维、汉族先心病的母亲相关危险因素有所不同,因此须对维、汉族孕妇采取不同的预防措施,以降低两族新生儿先心病的发病率。
Objective To investigate the prevalence, types and related risk factors of congenital heart disease in live birth newborns in Uygur and Han nationality. Methods: The newborn infants living in Victoria and Han nationality born in MCH in Xinjiang Autonomous Region were enrolled in this study. 4020 Uygur and 4848 Han were enrolled in this study. Cardiac echocardiography was performed to detect suspicious cases to confirm their diagnosis and their type Questionnaire. Results Screening of Victoria, Han live newborn congenital heart disease in 60 cases, the incidence of 6.8 ‰. Including Uygur 27 cases, the incidence of 6.7 ‰; Han 33 cases, the incidence of 6.8 ‰. The proportions of the types of CHD in Han nationality newborns were different (P <0.05). There was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of risk factors of CHD between Victoria and Han nationality newborns (P <0.05). Conclusion There is no difference in the incidence of CHD between the two ethnic groups. The genetic and environmental factors have the same effect on CHD. Prevalence of newborns in the dimensionality and the Han nationality is different from that of other types of preeclampsia. There are some risk factors that have different effects on the occurrence of dimensionality and Han ethnicity. Because of the different risk factors of mothers with CHD and Han ethnicity, different preventive measures should be taken for pregnant women of dimensionality and Han ethnicity so as to reduce the incidence of CHD in the two ethnic groups.