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本研究为了考查在正常生长发育条件下,从植株生长期到枯萎时小麦秸秆各主要形态部分的化学成分和体外有机物质消化率的变化特性。分别测定了干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、细胞可溶性物质(NDS)、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素和总灰分以及体外有机物质消化率(IVOMD)等营养学指标。同时,在小麦成熟期,采集16个不同品种的麦秆,测定上述营养指标,以比较分析。 结果证明,随着植株的逐渐成熟,NDF、纤维素和木质素的含量有所增加,而NDS和半纤维素则有所下降。植株开花期,是秸秆营养物质变化的关键(临界)期,此时植株营养物质从茎秆迅速转运到籽实中去。植株三形态部分的NDS的积累和代谢特性与IVOMD和细胞可溶性物质消化率(NDSD)有关,茎秆和叶鞘的IVOMD值与NDSD的下降呈极显著相关(Y=1.29x,r=0.99),同时叶片的IVOMD值与NDSD的下降也呈极显著相关(Y=1.06X-6.6,r=0.98)。 研究认为,遗传、环境和管理诸因素,通过对(1)NDS的积累和细胞壁的质和量;(2)IVOMD值的变化;(3)茎秆与叶片的比例,极大地影响着秸秆的营养价值。
In this study, in order to examine the changes of chemical composition and in vitro digestibilities of organic matter in wheat straw under the normal growth and development conditions from the plant growth stage to wilt, (DM), NDF, ADF, NDS, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and total ash as well as in vitro organic matter digestibility IVOMD) and other nutritional indicators. At the same time, in the mature period of wheat, 16 different varieties of wheat straw were harvested, and the above nutritional indexes were measured for comparative analysis. The results showed that with the gradual maturation of plants, NDF, cellulose and lignin content increased, while NDS and hemicellulose decreased. The flowering stage of the plant is the key (critical) period for the nutrient changes of the straw, when the plant nutrients are quickly transported from the stem to the seed. The accumulation and metabolic characteristics of NDS in the three-morphological part of plant were related to IVOMD and cell-digestible substance digestibility (NDSD). The IVOMD value of stem and leaf sheath was significantly correlated with the decrease of NDSD (Y = 1.29x, r = 0.99) At the same time, the IVOMD value of leaf was also significantly correlated with the decrease of NDSD (Y = 1.06X-6.6, r = 0.98). Studies suggest that genetic, environmental and managerial factors, through the accumulation of (1) NDS and the quality and quantity of cell walls; (2) changes in IVOMD values; (3) the stalk-to-leaf ratio that greatly affects the stalk Nutritional value.