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距今约3500多年的商代早期,中国古代陶工就发明了“质地坚致,施有色釉,胎薄而轻,扣击有清脆声”的瓷器。考古学家把这种瓷器称为“原始瓷器”或“原始青瓷”,以表示这种瓷器初期阶段时的原始性。但不管在它前面加入什么样的定语,它必竟是瓷器,而不是陶器了。因此,我们说,商代开启了我国“瓷器时代”的先河,揭开了我国瓷器发展史的第一页章。从大量发掘出土的商周时期的原始瓷实物和考古报告中,我们会看到这样的一种情况:即原始瓷器的外表都有一层好象玻璃似的釉层。釉(高温釉,以下均称釉)的出现,是我国陶瓷发展史上由陶器过渡到瓷器的一个重要标志。釉是瓷器最直接的外观特征,是构成瓷器的重要因素。换句话说,“瓷”包含着“釉”。
About 3,500 years ago, in the early Shang dynasty, ancient Chinese potters invented porcelain with the characteristics of “firm texture, colored glaze, thin and light, with a crisp sound.” Archeologists refer to this porcelain as “primitive porcelain” or “primitive celadon” to indicate the originality of this porcelain during its initial stages. But no matter what kind of attributive it is added, it must be porcelain, not pottery. Therefore, we say that Shang Dynasty opened the precedent of China’s “porcelain era” and opened the first chapter of the history of porcelain in our country. From the extensive excavation of the original porcelain articles and archaeological reports of the Shang and Zhou dynasties, we can see the situation where the original porcelain has a glass-like glaze on its exterior. Glaze (high temperature glaze, hereinafter referred to as glaze) is the emergence of China’s ceramic history of the transition from pottery to porcelain is an important symbol. Glaze is the most direct appearance of porcelain, porcelain is an important factor. In other words, “porcelain” contains “glaze.”