目的:了解重庆市农村40岁以上人群青光眼的患病率及流行病学特征，为青光眼防治工作提供科学依据。方法:于2018年8—10月采取分层整群随机抽样的方法对重庆市荣昌区、綦江区等地区农村40岁以上人群进行青光眼调查，受检人群为在当地生活10年以上的农村人口。统计每位受检者性别、年龄等基本信息，常规测视力、眼压，裂隙灯显微镜检查眼前节，采用Van Herick法评估中央及周边前房深度，前置镜检查眼底，重点评估视盘杯盘比(C/D)值，对所有可疑青光眼者进行进一步青光眼标准检查。结果:确定调查对象4 680人，实际参与调查4 073人，应答率为87%。最终确诊青光眼患者70例，青光眼患病率为1.72%(70/4 073)。不同性别间原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)和原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)的患病率比较差异均无统计学意义(n χ2＝0.042，n P＝0.837；n χ2＝2.838，n P＝0.092)，70岁以上人群青光眼患病率为2.5%，明显高于其他年龄段。青光眼患者视力损伤的比例为68.57%(48/70)，致盲比例为47.14%(33/70)，不同类型青光眼低视力发生率比较差异无统计学意义(n χ2＝2.785，n P＝0.248)，致盲率比较差异有统计学意义(n χ2＝10.668，n P＝0.005)，继发性青光眼致盲率最高。现场筛查中，眼压、前房深度、C/D的检出率情况显示，C/D异常时青光眼检出率最高，3种检查方法检出率比较差异有统计学意义(n χ2＝43.325，n P<0.001)。综合考虑眼压和C/D因素时，青光眼检出率可提高至55.88%。n 结论:重庆农村40岁以上人群青光眼患病率为1.72%，PACG患病率较以往下降，青光眼致视力损伤比例较高。现场筛查中，眼底视神经的形态学检查对青光眼确诊十分重要。“,”Objective:To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of glaucoma among people over 40 years old in rural areas of Chongqing.Methods:From August to October 2018, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the cases of glaucoma among people over 40 years old in a rural population of the Rongchang and Qijiang Districts in Chongqing.The subjects had been living in the local area for over ten years.Basic information for each patient, including gender and age was documented, and their visual acuity and intraocular pressure were routinely measured.The Van Herick method was used to evaluate the depth of the central and peripheral anterior chamber, a preset lens was used to examine the fundus, and the cup to disc ratio(C/D) of the optic disc was emphasized.All suspected glaucoma patients underwent further standard glaucoma examinations.This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University.Results:A total of 4 680 people were identified, and 4 073 respondents participated in the survey, and the response rate was 87%.The prevalence of glaucoma was 1.72% (70/4 073). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) between different genders (n χ2=0.042, n P=0.837; n χ2=2.838, n P=0.092). The prevalence of glaucoma in people over 70 years old was 2.5%, significantly higher than that in other age groups.In patients with glaucoma, the rate of visual impairment was 68.57%(48/70), and the rate of blindness was 47.14%(33/70). There was no significant difference in the incidence of low vision between different types of glaucoma (n χ2=2.785, n P=0.248), but there was a significant difference in the rate of blindness (n χ2=10.668, n P=0.005). The highest rate of blindness was found in secondary glaucoma.The detection rate of intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth and C/D was statistically significant (n χ2=43.325, n P<0.001), and the positive rate of C/D was the highest.When the factors of intraocular pressure, and C/D were considered jointly, the detection rate of glaucoma could be increased to 55.88%.n Conclusions:The prevalence of glaucoma is 1.72% among people over 40 years old in rural areas of Chongqing, the prevalence of PACG is lower than previously recorded, but the proportion of glaucoma-induced visual impairment is higher.In field screening, the morphological examination of the fundus optic nerve is very important for the diagnosis of glaucoma.