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本文基于天然水文循环的基本原理,阐述了河湖湿地、丛林草地等开放空间的水文水力与水生态特性及其在城市雨洪管理中调蓄雨洪、净化水质、支持生物多样化等功能,以及在城市规划中保护、设计和利用这些自然空间的方法。在此基础上,进一步探讨了整合各类人工与自然雨洪设施,规划构建城市—社区—源头三层尺度的城市雨洪基础设施框架,并借鉴西方发达国家在城市化进程中的经验教训,提出了城市规划应以雨洪基础设施先行的理念,为我国城市化进程中雨洪基础设施改造以及未来的城市规划提供参考。
Based on the basic principle of natural hydrological cycle, this paper expounds the hydrological, hydraulic and hydro-ecological characteristics of open space such as river and lake wetlands and jungle meadows, and elaborates the functions of storing rainstorms, purifying water and supporting biodiversity in urban stormwater management. As well as ways to protect, design and make use of these natural spaces in urban planning. On this basis, we further discussed the framework of urban stormwater infrastructure integrating all kinds of artificial and natural rainwater facilities and planning the construction of a three-tier city-community-source scale. Based on the experiences and lessons learned from the western developed countries in the process of urbanization, It puts forward that urban planning should give priority to rainwater infrastructures and provide reference for the reconstruction of rainwater and flood infrastructures and future urban planning in the process of urbanization.