贸易增长是推动经济增长的引擎,而贸易的增长必然对环境产生影响。随着世界经济的飞速发展,人口的急剧增长,全球生态环境日益恶化。保护环境,减少环境污染,节约能源,合理利用自然资源已成为新的国际焦点。如何既促进贸易发展,又保护生态环境,从而实现社会经济可持续发展,是摆在我们面前的重大课题。一、贸易发展与环境保护的关系从表象上分析,环境保护与自由贸易二者似乎是矛盾的,相互排斥的。贸易发展的政策会促进矿业、渔牧业、化学工业的发展,带来诸多环境问题;某些珍稀动植物的进出口会诱使滥捕滥杀,滥砍乱伐,造成某些动植物种濒临灭绝。另一方面,采取环保措施必然会限制某些产品的进出口,严格的环保技术标准会使某些外国产品无法得到市场准入。通过限制乃至禁止对环境有害的产品、服务、技术等的贸易,以达到保护环境的目的。但是,从长远来看,贸易发展与环境保护二者又是相互依存、相互促进的。一方面,良好的生态环境能为贸易发展提供更大的发展空间。加强环境保护可以改善某些不利于可持续发展的生 Trade growth is the engine of economic growth, and trade growth inevitably has an impact on the environment. With the rapid development of the world economy and the rapid population growth, the global ecological environment is deteriorating day by day. Protecting the environment, reducing environmental pollution, saving energy and making rational use of natural resources have become new international focuses. How to promote trade and protect the ecological environment so as to achieve sustainable social and economic development is a major issue before us. First, the relationship between trade development and environmental protection From the appearance of analysis, environmental protection and free trade seem to be contradictory and mutually exclusive. Trade and development policies will promote the development of mining, fishery and animal husbandry, chemical industry and bring about many environmental problems. The import and export of some rare plants and animals will induce indiscriminate killing, indiscriminate cutting and deforestation, causing some species of plants and animals to be on the verge of extinction Extinct. On the other hand, adopting environmental protection measures will inevitably restrict the import and export of certain products. Strict environmental technology standards will make certain foreign products unable to gain market access. By limiting or even banning the trade of environmentally harmful products, services, technologies, etc., we can achieve the purpose of environmental protection. However, in the long run, trade development and environmental protection are interdependent and mutually reinforcing. On the one hand, a good ecological environment can provide more room for development of trade. Enhancing environmental protection can improve certain students that are not conducive to sustainable development