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长期以来开展井下作业现场管理一直是采矿坑口安全工作的重点和难点。要搞好井下现场管理,实现安全生产,首先要认识井下作业的特殊性,然后运用各种手段了解和掌握这些特殊性,用科学的方法去解决在生产中出现的问题,实现安全生产。1 井下作业的特殊性 (1）井下生产和作业场地随生产的进展和客观条件的变化而变化,无固定的作业空间。 （2）工作环境差。空间狭窄、空气潮湿、通风不良,粉尘、炮烟、废气、噪音等有毒有害物质较多。 （3）危险源、危险点多。除作业场地顶板及边帮外,还有溜矿井、通风井、废石天井、管路天井等,存在着坠井危险。此外在作业中还存在着爆破、运输、电气设备等危险因素。 （4）岩层地质结构变化复杂,加之在采掘爆破作业中,使长期稳固的岩层结构受到破坏,改变了岩层应力结构,增加了地压活动,致使在采掘作业生产过程中的不安全因素增多。
For a long time to carry out underground operations site management has always been mine pit mine safety focus and difficulty. To do a good job underground site management, to achieve safety in production, we must first understand the particularity of underground operations, and then use various means to understand and master these particularities, with scientific methods to solve problems in production, to achieve safety in production. 1 The particularity of downhole operation (1) The downhole production and work site change with the progress of production and objective conditions, there is no fixed work space. (2) poor working environment. Narrow space, humid air, poor ventilation, dust, gun smoke, exhaust, noise and other toxic and harmful substances more. (3) dangerous source, dangerous point. In addition to the roof and edge of the work site, there are slips, ventilation shafts, waste rock patios, pipelines, etc. There is a danger of falling. In addition there are still operational blasting, transportation, electrical equipment and other risk factors. (4) The complicated geological structure changes of the rock formations. In addition, in the mining and blasting operations, the long-term stable rock structure is destroyed, the rock stress structure is changed and the ground pressure is increased, resulting in the increase of insecurity in the mining operation.