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本文主要探讨方式状语在汉语句子中的焦点结构地位,并由此反思句法结构与焦点分布之间的“常规对应关系”问题。文章首先回顾了前人对于状语成分焦点地位的论争,指出用句法规则确认“自然焦点”位置的做法并不可靠;然后通过重音语感调查和焦点投射分析,讨论了方式状语在中性语境中充当句子焦点的倾向性和标记性问题,进而论证:汉语句子中既不存在语法化了的固定“自然焦点”位置,也不存在“尽量将信息焦点置于句末”的词序策略;最后,文章还分析了以往研究之所以普遍认同“句末是自然焦点位置”的可能原因。
This article mainly discusses the focal structure position of modal adverbial in Chinese sentences, and thus reflects on the question of “conventional correspondence ” between syntactic structure and focal distribution. First of all, the article reviews the previous controversy over the focal position of the adverbial composition and points out that it is not reliable to use the syntactic rules to confirm the position of “natural focus ”. Then, through the investigation of accense and focal projection analysis, In the context of the sentence as the focus of the tendentiousness and the marked problem, and then argues: there is neither grammatical fixed “natural focus” position in Chinese sentences, nor “try to focus the message at the end of the sentence” Finally, the article also analyzes the reason why the previous studies generally agree that “the end of the sentence is the natural focus position”.