美国当代叙事学领军人物扬·阿尔贝等学者以“自然叙事”为原型和“超越摹仿”为导向,详实地论证了小说中非自然叙述的存在。通过细读美国19世纪作家爱伦·坡的短篇小说文本,可看出爱伦·坡小说中问题化的事件、人物和时间展呈了众多非自然的故事世界。一些故事中的叙述者甚至不惜采用极端的叙述行为和阻碍读者建构自然的心理框架,既实现了精心策划的叙述效果又为小说增添了非自然叙述色彩。 The leaders of American contemporary narratology, such as Jan Albert and others, are guided by the “natural narrative” and the “transcendent imitation”, demonstrating the existence of unnatural narration in the novel. By reading short stories of Alen Poe in the 19th century in the United States, we can see the problematic incidents in Poe’s Poetry. The characters and the time exhibit many unnatural storytelling worlds. The narrators in some stories did not hesitate to resort to extreme narrative behaviors and psychological frameworks that hindered readers from constructing nature, thus realizing well-planned narrative effects and adding non-natural narratives to the novel.