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针对激光加工存在再铸层、热影响区(HAZ)的致命缺陷,提出了中性盐溶液辅助激光加工(SALM)方法,利用中性盐溶液对材料的热化学作用和持续冷却作用在线去除再铸层和热影响区。基于激光在中性盐溶液下衰减的特性研制了试验系统,并对0.5 mm厚的不锈钢片进行了打孔试验,通过对该方法与空气中激光打孔(LBM)加工效果的比较,证实了中性盐溶液辅助激光加工的可行性。试验结果表明,随着盐溶液浓度及流速的增加,中性盐溶液辅助激光加工对于再铸层和热影响区的去除效果越明显;流速5 m/s,质量分数为20%的NaCl溶液辅助激光加工可实现再铸层的厚度减少80%,热影响区的范围缩小90%以上。
Aiming at the fatal defect of recast layer and heat-affected zone (HAZ) in laser processing, a neutral salt solution-assisted laser processing (SALM) method is proposed. The neutral salt solution can remove the thermochemical effect and the continuous cooling effect of the material Casting and heat affected zone. A test system was developed based on the attenuation characteristics of the laser under neutral salt solution. A 0.5 mm-thick stainless steel sheet was perforated, and the comparison of this method with the air boring (LBM) Neutral salt solution assists the feasibility of laser processing. The experimental results show that with the increase of salt solution concentration and flow rate, neutral salt solution assisted laser processing is more effective for the removal of recast layer and heat affected zone. The flow rate of 5 m / s, 20% NaCl solution assists Laser processing can reduce the thickness of the recast layer by 80% and heat affected zone by more than 90%.