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利用theil指数详细分解我国1978~2008年的人均GDP,发现人均GDP不平等指数在波动中上升。人均GDP不平等指数主要来源于劳动生产率不平等指数,其次来源于非劳动生产率不平等指数。劳动生产率不平等指数中的产业间不平等指数在波动中上升,已经成为不平等的主要因素,而产业内的不平等指数在缓慢缩小。我国的就业率不平等指数是非劳动生产率不平等指数中的主要因素,各地劳动生产率与国家平均劳动生产率的差距、各地的私人投资与国家平均私人投资的差距、各地的全要素生产率与全国平均全要素生产率的差距三者之间有正相关关系。公共基础投资是一个抑制收入差距扩大的变量。加快中西部第二、三产业潜在的先进技术向现实生产力的转化,完善中西部劳动力市场,增加公共投资,可以缩小东西部地区的人均GDP差距。
Using theil index to decompose the per capita GDP of our country from 1978 to 2008 in detail, we find that the index of per capita GDP inequality rises in fluctuation. The per capita GDP inequality index mainly comes from the labor productivity inequality index, followed by the non-labor productivity inequality index. The rise in volatility in the index of inter-industry inequality in the index of inequality in labor productivity has become a major factor of inequality and the index of inequality in industry has been slowly declining. China’s employment inequality index is the main factor in the non-labor productivity inequality index. The differences between the labor productivity and the average labor productivity in various places, the discrepancies between private investment and the average private investment in various places, the total factor productivity of all regions and the national average There is a positive correlation between the three factors productivity gap. The public basic investment is a variable that inhibits the widening income gap. Accelerating the transformation of the potential advanced technologies in the secondary and tertiary industries in the central and western regions to the actual productive forces, improving the labor market in the central and western regions and increasing public investment will narrow the gap between the per capita GDP of eastern and western regions.