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目的从社区和个人水平分析母乳喂养持续时间对少儿身体健康的影响。方法利用家庭追踪调查2010年的少儿数据,用SPSS24.0统计软件,进行两水平二分类Logistic回归,分析社区水平的医疗状况、环境因素和个体水平的个人特征、经济状况与少儿健康指标(1个月内患病,1年内去医院看病)的关系。结果少儿身体健康的数据在社区水平存在聚集性(指标1个月内患病高水平方差估计值为0.295,Z=7.101,P<0.001;指标1年内去医院看病高水平方差估计值为1.104,Z=9.407,P<0.001)。在控制个人特征,经济水平以及数据的层次结构后,发现持续母乳喂养是少儿身体健康的保护因素(1个月内患病:OR=-0.280,t=-2.837,P=0.005;1年内去医院看病:OR=-0.356,t=-3.342,P=0.001)。结论少儿身体健康状况存在社区聚集性可能是受饮食习惯和生活环境的影响。母乳喂养持续时间长对少儿身体健康有促进作用,提倡延长母乳喂养持续的时间至8个月以上。
Objective To analyze the effect of breast-feeding duration on children’s health from community and individual level. Methods The data of children in 2010 were investigated by using family tracing. SPSS24.0 statistical software was used to carry out two-level two-class Logistic regression to analyze the community level of medical status, environmental factors and personal characteristics of individuals, economic status and children’s health indicators (1 Months of illness, go to the hospital in 1 year) relationship. Results The data of children’s health were aggregated at the community level (high prevalence variance within 1 month was 0.295, Z = 7.101, P <0.001). The high-variance variance of 1-year visit to hospital was 1.104, Z = 9.407, P <0.001). After controlling for the level of personal characteristics, financial status and data, we found that continuing breastfeeding was a protective factor for children’s health (1-month prevalence: OR = -0.280, t = -2.837, P = 0.005; Hospital doctor: OR = -0.356, t = -3.342, P = 0.001). Conclusion The community health status of children may be affected by eating habit and living environment. The long duration of breastfeeding promotes the health of children and promotes prolonged breastfeeding for up to 8 months.