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在历史上起过积极进步作用的启蒙精神却无可避免的走向了自己的反面。霍克海默和阿多诺从启蒙自身出发,寻找启蒙自我毁灭的根源,他们以神话与启蒙关系为核心,揭示了“神话已经是启蒙,启蒙退化为神话”的主题,认为启蒙精神的实现是进步和退步相交织、文明和野蛮相伴随的过程,由此启蒙精神走向了自我毁灭。与此同时,笔者也指出了这样的批判带有一定的局限性。
The spirit of enlightenment that has played an active and progressive role in history inevitably leads to its own opposite. Starting from Enlightenment, Horkheimer and Adorno look for the root causes of enlightenment self-destruction. They focus on the relationship between myth and enlightenment and reveal the theme that “myth is already enlightenment and enlightenment degenerated into mythology.” They think that enlightenment Realization is a process of interdependence between progress and retreat, civilization and barbarism. As a result, the spirit of enlightenment has been self-destructing. At the same time, I also pointed out that this criticism has some limitations.