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目的了解海口市疟疾流行概况与防治历程,总结评估海口市消除疟疾工作,为实施消除疟疾行动计划及开展评估工作提供参考和依据。方法对海口市1951—2014年疟疾防治疫情数据、报表、文件、工作计划、防治策略与措施等资料进行描述性分析和总结,根据国家卫生计生委《消除疟疾考核评估方案(2014年版)》,从保障措施、技术措施、防控效果3个方面对消除疟疾工作进行评估。结果 1955年疟疾发病率为5 482.58/10万,经控制流行、常态化管理、消除疟疾3个阶段防治。在消除疟疾阶段(2010—2014年),海口市建立多部门联防联控工作机制,经费保障到位,按《海南省消除疟疾实施方案》要求开展消除和巩固工作,乡镇卫生院以上医疗机构均设立疟防科室,疟原虫血检18 543人,年度血检数均达到总人口1‰以上,血片复核率11.37%,年报告发病率均控制在0.5/10万以下,发生14例输入疫情均及时有效控制。媒介监测未发现本地主要传疟媒介微小按蚊和大劣按蚊。结论海口市经过多年疟疾防治,2014年达到消除疟疾标准。巩固工作重点是加强输入性病例监测。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of malaria and its prevention and cure in Haikou City, summarize and evaluate the work of eliminating malaria in Haikou City, and provide reference and basis for the implementation of malaria elimination plan and assessment. Methods A descriptive analysis and summary of data on malaria control outbreaks, reports, documents, work plans, control strategies and measures from 1951 to 2014 in Haikou City were conducted. According to the “Plan for Assessment and Assessment of Malaria Elimination (2014 Edition)” issued by the State Health and Family Planning Commission, From the three aspects of safeguard measures, technical measures, prevention and control effects to evaluate malaria elimination work. Results The incidence of malaria in 1955 was 5 482.58 / 100 000, which was controlled and popularized in the three phases of malaria elimination and control. In the phase of eliminating malaria (2010-2014), Haikou City set up a multi-sectoral coalition anti-control joint working mechanism with funding support in place. Efforts to eliminate and consolidate work required by the “Implementation Plan for Malaria Elimination in Hainan Province” were set up and medical institutions above township hospitals were established Malaria prevention departments, Plasmodium blood test of 18 543 people, the annual blood count reached more than 1 ‰ of the total population, blood film review rate of 11.37%, the annual report of the incidence were controlled at 0.5 / 100 000, occurred in 14 cases were Timely and effective control. Media surveillance No major Anopheles minimus and Anopheles mosquitoes were found in the country. Conclusion After years of malaria control in Haikou City, the malaria elimination standard was reached in 2014. Consolidation efforts will focus on monitoring of imported cases.