微凝胶能够在外界刺激下改变自身尺寸,是一类重要的智能材料构筑基元。光刺激具有可远程控制、能快速切换等特点,在刺激响应性材料的设计中受到了广泛关注。将光刺激响应性基元引入到微凝胶体系,可以得到一系列具有重要应用前景的智能材料。本文综述了近年来光响应微凝胶的研究进展,总结了赋予微凝胶光响应性的四种分子设计,包括光致异构化型、光致生热型、光致(解)交联型、光致生酸型;介绍了光响应微凝胶在调光材料、药物控释、信息显示和自修复凝胶等领域的应用;展望了该领域的研究方向、发展和应用前景。 Microgel can change its own size under the external stimuli, which is an important type of intelligent material building block. Light stimulation has the characteristics of remote control and fast switching, and has drawn wide attention in the design of stimuli-responsive materials. The introduction of photoreactive responsive motif into the microgel system can provide a series of intelligent materials with important application prospects. In this paper, the recent advances in photoresponsive microgels are reviewed. Four molecular designs that confer light responsiveness to microgels are summarized, including photoisomerization, photogenerational, photolysis Type and photoacid type. The applications of light-responsive microgels in the fields of light-controlling materials, drug controlled release, information display and self-healing gel are introduced. The research direction, development and application prospect of this field are also discussed.