巴赫金从陀思妥耶夫斯基的创作中天才地发现了其复调理论的范本。从陀思妥耶夫斯基小说形式创新出发,巴赫金论证了陀思妥耶夫斯基正是出于对社会现状的理解与感受,试图以艺术形式(审美)建立全新的主体,以摆脱人在资本主义社会的物化状态。具有独立意识的差异主体之间的对话是全新生活世界的本质所在,这也正是巴赫金的复调小说理论的本真所在。 Bakhtin genius discovered from Dostoevsky’s creation his model of polyphony. Starting from Dostoyevski’s novel innovation, Bakhtin argued that Dostoyevsky had come out of his understanding and feeling about the status quo of society and tried to establish a completely new subject in the form of art (aesthetic) People in the materialized state of capitalist society. The dialogue between subjects with independent consciousness is the essence of a new life world, which is the very essence of Bakhtin’s polyphonic theory.