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低影响开发措施是解决城市内涝问题的重要途径。为评估其对城市内涝的防控效果,论文以福建省长汀县县城为研究案例,提出适宜在研究区开展的透水铺装、下凹式绿地、雨水罐等低影响开发措施方案,利用基于元胞自动机模型的城市内涝模型进行模拟,并通过验证发现元胞自动机模型可有效模拟城市内涝过程。对比低影响开发改造前后的内涝情况,结果显示:1)低影响开发措施能使内涝积水总量削减超过50%,暴雨重现期越长对内涝现象的削弱效果越低;2)通过分析改造前后内涝积水区的空间格局及变化特征,可见大部分内涝积水区在改造后积水削减幅度较大,卧龙山北部及汀江干流左岸的积水区内涝情况改善幅度较小;3)低影响开发改造削减效果最好的为积水深度低于0.2 m的区域,其次为积水深度高于0.5 m的区域,对积水深度处于0.2~0.5 m的区域削减效果并不明显。研究表明低影响开发措施可有效控制城市的内涝灾害。
Low-impact development measures are an important way to solve urban problems. In order to evaluate its effect on prevention and control of urban rampant, the paper took Changting County of Fujian Province as a research case, and put forward low-impact development measures such as pervious paving, depressed green space, and rainwater tanks, which are suitable for use in the research area. The model of cellular automata based on the cellular automata model is simulated, and it is found through verification that the cellular automata model can effectively simulate the urban intrinsic process. Comparing the situation of internal hemorrhoids before and after the low-impact development and development, the results show that: 1) Low-impact development measures can reduce the total volume of hydronephrosis in excess of 50%, and the longer the heavy rain return period, the lower the effect of weakening internal hemorrhoids phenomenon; 2) Pass the analysis After the reconstruction, the spatial pattern and change characteristics of the internal water retention areas show that most of the internal water retention areas have a large reduction in the amount of accumulated water after the renovation, and the improvement in the situation in the water areas in the northern part of Wolongshan and the left bank of the Tingjiang River is relatively small. 3 ) Low-impact development and improvement The best reduction effect is for areas with a depth of less than 0.2 m, followed by areas with a depth of more than 0.5 m, and the effect of reducing the depth of accumulated water in the region of 0.2-0.5 m is not obvious. Research shows that low-impact development measures can effectively control urban disasters.