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目的探讨正常妊娠妇女与妊娠糖尿病(GDM)妇女早孕期血脂的变化及GDM的危险因素。方法选择对照组(正常未孕妇女)50例,正常妊娠组200例,GDM组100例,测定早孕期血脂水平[胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)]。结果与对照组比较,正常妊娠组早孕期TC、TG、HDL明显升高,LDL明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);GDM组TC、TG、HDL明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。与正常妊娠组比较,GDM组早孕期时TC略升高、HDL略有下降,但差异均无统计学意义,TG和LDL明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示TG是GDM发病的独立危险因素(OR=4.03,95%CI=2.38~6.80)。结论妊娠妇女早孕期血脂即开始出现改变,GDM患者的LDL、TG异常升高,早孕期TG的升高与GDM的发病风险呈明显正相关。
Objective To investigate the changes of blood lipids in early pregnancy and the risk factors of GDM in normal pregnant women and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) women. Methods 50 cases of normal control group (normal pregnant women), 200 cases of normal pregnancy group and 100 cases of GDM group were enrolled in this study. Serum lipids (TC, TG, HDL, Low density lipoprotein (LDL)]. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of TC, TG and HDL were significantly increased in the first trimester of pregnancy and LDL was significantly decreased in the normal pregnancy group (all P <0.05). The levels of TC, TG and HDL in the GDM group were significantly increased Significance (P <0.05). Compared with the normal pregnancy group, the TC in the GDM group increased slightly and the HDL decreased slightly during the first trimester of pregnancy, but the difference was not statistically significant. TG and LDL were significantly increased (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that TG was an independent risk factor for GDM (OR = 4.03, 95% CI = 2.38-6.80). Conclusion The serum lipids of pregnant women begin to change during the first trimester. The levels of LDL and TG in patients with GDM are abnormally elevated. The increase of TG in early pregnancy is positively correlated with the risk of GDM.