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资本主义正在经历一场旷日持久的危机,这使得共产主义观念重新成为讨论的热点。本文将聚焦于巴迪欧和近来讨论过这一议题的哲学家。巴迪欧的论述并不属于一般的马克思主义关于“空想的”或“科学的”社会主义范畴。马克思设想的共产主义是一个未来的历史阶段,它因资本主义的社会和经济矛盾而产生。相反,巴迪欧则认为,共产主义将作为一种突发的、不可预测的“事件”出现。笔者在历史和政治方面都对巴迪欧的论述持批判态度,而对马克思的理论则是赞成的,不过也承认其中存在需要根据时代而进一步发展的空间。
Capitalism is experiencing a protracted crisis, which has renewed the concept of communism as a hot topic of discussion. This article will focus on Badiou and philosophers who have recently discussed the issue. Badiou’s discourse does not belong to the general category of Marxism on the “imaginary” or “scientific” socialism. Communism as Marx envisioned was a historical stage in the future. It was caused by the social and economic contradictions of capitalism. On the contrary, Badiou believes that communism will emerge as a sudden and unpredictable event. The author criticizes Badiou’s discourse both in historical and political aspects, while his theory is in favor of Marx, but admits that there is room for further development according to the times.