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目的模拟工业生产中的手工搬上与搬下作业,用表面肌电描技术(surface electromyography,sEMG)和自感用力度评级量表(Borgs RPE Scale)评价两种作业方式的肌肉负荷、致疲劳性和受试者的主观感受。方法 10名男性大学生志愿者将1个质量为16kg的木箱由胫骨中点高度搬上至指掌关节高度的平台,再由平台搬下至原处,如此反复操作,10min内模拟完成搬上、搬下作业各30次,采集受试者两侧斜方肌和竖脊肌的表面肌电信号,最后对两种作业方式进行自感用力度评级。结果在整个搬举过程中,斜方肌和竖脊肌肌电幅度占最大随意收缩时肌电幅度(maximum voluntary contraction electromyography,MVE)的百分比分别为(22.89±4.51)和(37.51±3.24),斜方肌肌电幅度升高的趋势更明显。斜方肌的MVE%搬上时为(25.05±20.12),搬下时为(20.92±19.37);竖脊肌的MVE%搬上时为(39.80±18.91),搬下时为(34.92±13.63);搬下时斜方肌和竖脊肌的MVE%均比搬上时低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。中位频率(median frequency,MF)的截距在右侧斜方肌处显示搬上时为(110.64±5.51),搬下时为(105.47±5.54),搬下低于搬上(P<0.01)。而MF斜率的变化在两种搬举方式之间没有差异(P>0.05)。自感用力度评级搬上时为(13.2±1.20),搬下时为(11.0±1.4),搬上高于搬下,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论搬上时肌肉活性明显高于搬下,受试者感觉也比搬下更困难。从接触-反应关系来说,搬上时需要人体克服物体和自身的重力,接触的负荷水平更高,因此搬上更加危险。另外,单纯用肌电幅度或者单纯用肌电频率来测定肌肉疲劳,其结果并不一致。
Objective To simulate the manual loading and unloading operations in industrial production and to evaluate the muscle load of the two operating modes by surface electromyography (sEMG) and self-inductance rating scale (Borg’s RPE Scale) Fatigue caused by the subject’s subjective feelings. Methods Ten male college students volunteers put a wooden box with a mass of 16kg on the platform from the midpoint of the tibia to the height of the metacarpal joints and then moved it to the original place by the platform. , Moved out of work 30 times each, collected on both sides of the subjects trapezius and erector spine muscle surface EMG signal, and finally the two operating modes for self-inductance with rating. Results The percentages of maximum voluntary contraction electromyography (MVE) were (22.89 ± 4.51) and (37.51 ± 3.24), respectively, in the whole lifting process. Trabecular muscle EMG trend is more pronounced. The MVE% of trapezius muscle was (25.05 ± 20.12) and (20.92 ± 19.37) when it was removed, while the MVE% of erector spinae was (39.80 ± 18.91) and (34.92 ± 13.63 ). The MVE% of trapezius and erector spinae were all lower than those of the control group (P <0.01). The intercept of median frequency (MF) was (110.64 ± 5.51) and (105.47 ± 5.54), respectively, when it was carried on the right trapezius muscle (P <0.01) ). However, there was no difference between the two methods (P> 0.05). (13.2 ± 1.20) and (11.0 ± 1.4) when moving to higher level, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The muscle activity was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the subjects felt more difficult than moving the muscles. From a contact-reaction relationship, moving up requires the body to overcome the weight of the object and itself, exposing it to a higher level of loading and therefore more dangerous to carry. In addition, simply using the EMG amplitude or simply using the EMG frequency to determine muscle fatigue, the results are not consistent.