目的探讨结肠息肉合并2型糖尿病的患病率,了解合并2型糖尿病患者结肠息肉病理分型的变化。方法将78例结肠息肉患者按是否患糖尿病进行分组,观察两组患者结肠息肉的病理类型。结果结肠息肉合并2型糖尿病的比例达26.9%,合并2型糖尿病组患者腺瘤型息肉及大肠癌的发病率明显升高,差异有统计学意义。结论结肠息肉合并2型糖尿病的比例较高,该类患者发生结肠腺瘤及结肠癌的发病率较高。 Objective To investigate the prevalence of colonic polyps with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to investigate the pathological changes of colonic polyps in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods 78 patients with colon polyps were divided into groups according to their diabetes mellitus. The pathological types of colonic polyps in the two groups were observed. Results The proportion of colon polyps combined with type 2 diabetes was 26.9%. The incidence of adenoma polyps and colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly higher than that in type 2 diabetic patients. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The proportion of colonic polyps with type 2 diabetes mellitus is high, and the incidence of colorectal adenoma and colon cancer is higher in these patients.