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目的了解舰艇内部环境温湿度和空气微生物浓度及种类,发现导致舰艇官兵呼吸道疾病高发的可能致病因素。方法采用数字温湿度计测量舰艇内部环境温度和湿度;平皿暴露法采集舰艇内部空气细菌,平板划线接种分离纯化出细菌纯培养物,使用革兰染色、细胞镜检和16S rDNA测序等细菌鉴定方法鉴定细菌种类。结果气温符合标准要求的调查点占20%,相对湿度符合率为100%;采样当天舰艇内部空气细菌浓度不高,但细菌种类多样,分离出济州金黄杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、耐热芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、头部葡萄球菌、人葡萄球菌人亚种、人耐新生霉素败血亚种、科恩葡糖球菌科恩亚种和解脲亚种、空气滤器水栖菌、干酪乳杆菌、溶酪大球菌、产氨棒杆菌、短芽孢杆菌、丛毛单胞菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、矢野口鞘氨醇杆菌、人金黄杆菌18株不同种或亚种的细菌。结论舰艇官兵呼吸道疾病高发可能与舰艇内部气温偏低及空气中某些细菌存在有关。
Objective To understand the temperature, humidity and airborne microorganism concentration in warships and their species, and to find out the possible causative factors leading to the high incidence of respiratory diseases in naval vessels. Methods The temperature and humidity inside the warship were measured by digital thermometer and hygrometer. The bacteria in the air inside the warship were collected by plate exposure method. The bacterial cultures were isolated and streaked by plate streaking. The bacteria were identified by Gram stain, cell microscopy and 16S rDNA sequencing Methods Identification of bacterial species. Results The air temperature met the standard requirements of the survey points accounted for 20%, the relative humidity in line with the rate of 100%; sampling the same day the air inside the vessel bacteria concentration is not high, but a variety of bacteria, isolated Jeju Chrysosporium, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. Human, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus Coenia species and Ureaplasma urealyticum, air filter Aquaria, Lactobacillus casei , Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium ammoniagenes, Brevibacterium sp., Comamonas sp., Bacillus subtilis, Sarkosakovia spp., And 18 strains of human ribaviruses. Conclusions The high incidence of respiratory diseases among naval officers and men may be related to the low temperature inside the warship and the existence of some bacteria in the air.