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本文研究了32年不同施肥对黑土团聚体组成、土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)、腐殖酸、微生物量碳(microbialbiomass carbon,MBC)及颗粒有机碳(particulate organic carbon,POC)的影响。结果表明:化肥区与CK团聚体以10~50μm粒级为主,有机肥化肥混施与休闲以50~250μm粒级为主,表明有机肥化肥混施促进大团聚体的生成,有利于良好土壤结构的形成。在不同施肥条件下,“特征微团聚体比例”也存在差异,表明有机肥化肥混施使黑土保供水肥性能提高。化肥,尤其N肥单施使MBC、POC含量降低。有机肥化肥混施区SOC、MBC、POC含量显著高于其他处理区。与化肥单施相比,有机肥化肥混施明显提高了黑土腐殖酸、HA、FA、HS含量,也提高了腐殖质活性。不同类型化肥处理HA/FA差异较大,N肥的施加降低了腐殖酸含量,却能提高腐殖质活性。
This paper studied the effects of 32 years of fertilization on the composition of aggregates, soil organic carbon (SOC), humic acid, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) . The results showed that the 10-50 μm size fractions of chemical fertilizer and CK aggregates dominated. The organic fertilizer mixed with leisure was dominated by 50-250 μm fractions, indicating that the combination of organic manure and chemical fertilizers promoted the formation of large aggregates, which was good for good Formation of soil structure. Under different fertilization conditions, there were also differences in the proportion of characteristic microaggregates, indicating that the combination of organic fertilizers and fertilizers enhanced the water and fertilizer performance of black soil. Fertilizer, especially N fertilizer alone to make MBC, POC content decreased. The contents of SOC, MBC and POC in organic fertilizer mixed application area were significantly higher than those in other treatment areas. Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizers, organic manure and chemical fertilizer mixed application significantly increased the content of humic acid, HA, FA, HS in black soil and also increased the humus activity. Different types of fertilizer treatment HA / FA difference is larger, the application of N fertilizer reduces the humic acid content, but can improve the humus activity.