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[摘要] 目的 对儿童普通型与重型甲型流行性感冒（甲流）进行临床分析与比较。 方法 选取自2017年8月～2018年1月在我院感染科住院的110例甲流患儿作为研究对象，搜集其临床数据，按照疾病严重度分为普通型甲流（n=36）和重型甲流（n=74）两组;所有甲流患儿均使用奥司他韦（达菲或可威）治疗，按照发病后启动奥司他韦治疗的时间将其分为48 h内服用组（n=45）和48 h后服用组（n=65），分析比较不同组别一般资料、临床表现、实验室检查结果、并发症及治疗情况的差异性。 结果 重型甲流患儿体重和年龄低于普通型甲流，而惊厥和肺炎发生率却高于普通型甲流，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;发病48 h内启动奥司他韦的患儿发热天数明显少于发病48 h后服用组（P<0.05），且达菲和可威疗效无明显差异，均未见明显不良反应。 结论 相对来讲重型甲流患儿体重更轻，年龄更小，发生惊厥和肺炎机会更多;48 h内启动奥司他韦抗病毒治疗，更有利于体温好转，安全可靠。
[关键词] 儿童;甲型流感;疾病特征;奥司他韦
[Abstract] Objective To analyze and compare the ordinary influenza A and severe influenza A in children. Methods 110 children with influenza A who were hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases of Hangzhou Children’s Hospital from August 2017 to January 2018 were selected as the research subjects. The clinical data were collected. They were divided into ordinary influenza A（n=36） and severe influenza A（n=74）. All children with influenza A were treated with oseltamivir（Duffy or Covey）， who were divided into within 48-hour group（45 cases） and after 48-hour group（65 cases） according to the time when oseltamivir was started after the onset of illness. The differences in general information， clinical manifestations， laboratory results， complications and treatment between groups were analyzed and compared. Results The body weight and age of children with severe influenza A were lower than those of patients with ordinary influenza A， but the incidence of convulsions and pneumonia in the children with severe influenza A was higher than that of patients with ordinary influenza A， which were statistically different（P
[关键词] 儿童;甲型流感;疾病特征;奥司他韦
[Abstract] Objective To analyze and compare the ordinary influenza A and severe influenza A in children. Methods 110 children with influenza A who were hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases of Hangzhou Children’s Hospital from August 2017 to January 2018 were selected as the research subjects. The clinical data were collected. They were divided into ordinary influenza A（n=36） and severe influenza A（n=74）. All children with influenza A were treated with oseltamivir（Duffy or Covey）， who were divided into within 48-hour group（45 cases） and after 48-hour group（65 cases） according to the time when oseltamivir was started after the onset of illness. The differences in general information， clinical manifestations， laboratory results， complications and treatment between groups were analyzed and compared. Results The body weight and age of children with severe influenza A were lower than those of patients with ordinary influenza A， but the incidence of convulsions and pneumonia in the children with severe influenza A was higher than that of patients with ordinary influenza A， which were statistically different（P