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在中国新文学的成长过程中,始终有着外国文学的多元的、复杂的影响,其中最为显著的无疑是文艺复兴以后欧美现实主义文学,特别是十九世纪俄罗斯文学的影响。这一历史现象对于我们考察中外文学关系,认识中国新文学总体格局赖以形成的外部条件,有着重要意义。中国新文学在摄取外国文学时,将目光着重投向俄罗斯文学,并非偶然的现象。文艺心理学在论及审美心理时,有“审美习惯心理’与“审美探究心理”之说。从审美主体(读者)的角度而言,前者过强,即造成审美意识的守旧,排斥文学中的变革与突破;后者过盛,则造成追逐“新潮”,盲目赶时髦。在这两者之间保持某种平衡,
In the process of Chinese new literature’s growth, it always has the diversified and complex influence of foreign literature. The most remarkable one is undoubtedly the influence of European and American realism after the Renaissance, especially the Russian literature of the 19th century. This historical phenomenon is of great significance for us to examine the relationship between Chinese and foreign literature and understand the external conditions upon which the overall pattern of Chinese new literature is formed. It is no coincidence that when Chinese new literature absorbs foreign literature, it focuses on Russian literature. When discussing aesthetic psychology, literary psychology has the meaning of “aesthetic habit psychology” and “aesthetic inquiry psychology.” From the perspective of aesthetic subjects (readers), the former is too strong, that is, Of the changes and breakthroughs; the latter is too full, then chasing “trendy”, blindly catch up with fashion in between the two to maintain a certain balance,